Training Hyperparameters¶
Configure training parameters for optimal model performance.
Overview¶
Hyperparameters control how the model learns. The defaults work well for most cases, but tuning can improve results.
Core Parameters¶
Batch Size¶
Default: 32
Number of samples processed together:
| Batch Size | Effect |
|---|---|
| 8-16 | More stable, slower, higher memory |
| 32 | Recommended balance |
| 64-128 | Faster, may require LR adjustment |
Adjustment tips:
- Reduce if out of memory
- Increase for larger datasets
- Adjust learning rate proportionally
Max Epochs¶
Default: 100
Maximum training iterations:
| Epochs | Use Case |
|---|---|
| 30-50 | Quick experiments |
| 100 | Default, most cases |
| 150-200 | Maximum accuracy |
Note: Training usually stops earlier due to early stopping.
Early Stopping Patience¶
Default: 8
Epochs without improvement before stopping:
| Patience | Behavior |
|---|---|
| 3-5 | Aggressive, fast training |
| 8 | Balanced |
| 12-15 | Thorough, slower |
Optimization Parameters¶
Learning Rate¶
Default: 0.0001
Step size for weight updates:
| Learning Rate | Effect |
|---|---|
| 0.00001 | Very slow, stable |
| 0.0001 | Recommended |
| 0.001 | Faster, may overshoot |
Uses OneCycleLR scheduler with warmup.
Dropout¶
Default: 0.5
Regularization to prevent overfitting:
| Dropout | Effect |
|---|---|
| 0.2-0.3 | Light regularization |
| 0.5 | Strong regularization (default) |
| 0.6-0.7 | Very strong, may underfit |
Increase if validation loss >> training loss.
Weight Decay¶
Default: 0.01
L2 regularization on weights:
| Weight Decay | Effect |
|---|---|
| 0.001 | Light |
| 0.01 | Moderate |
| 0.1 | Strong |
Loss Function¶
Focal Loss (Default)¶
Better for imbalanced datasets:
| Parameter | Default | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| alpha | 0.5 | Class weight balance |
| gamma | 2.0 | Focus on hard examples |
Alpha Guidelines¶
| Alpha | Use When |
|---|---|
| 0.25 | More negatives than default |
| 0.5 | Balanced (default) |
| 0.75 | More positives than default |
Gamma Guidelines¶
| Gamma | Effect |
|---|---|
| 0 | Standard cross-entropy |
| 1.0 | Mild focusing |
| 2.0 | Standard focal loss |
| 4.0 | Strong focusing |
Augmentation During Training¶
Label Smoothing¶
Default: 0.1
Softens target labels:
| Value | Effect |
|---|---|
| 0 | Hard targets (0 or 1) |
| 0.1 | Slight softening |
| 0.2 | Stronger smoothing |
Prevents overconfidence.
Mixup Alpha¶
Default: 0.5
Mixes training examples:
| Alpha | Effect |
|---|---|
| 0 | No mixup |
| 0.2 | Light mixing |
| 0.5 | Moderate mixing |
| 1.0 | Heavy mixing |
Creates virtual training samples.
Presets¶
Fast Training¶
{
"batch_size": 64,
"max_epochs": 50,
"early_stopping_patience": 5,
"learning_rate": 0.0002,
"dropout": 0.4,
}
Balanced (Default)¶
{
"batch_size": 32,
"max_epochs": 100,
"early_stopping_patience": 8,
"learning_rate": 0.0001,
"dropout": 0.5,
}
Maximum Accuracy¶
{
"batch_size": 32,
"max_epochs": 200,
"early_stopping_patience": 15,
"learning_rate": 0.00005,
"dropout": 0.5,
}
Troubleshooting¶
Training loss not decreasing
- Increase learning rate
- Check data quality
- Reduce dropout temporarily
Validation loss increasing (overfitting)
- Increase dropout (0.5-0.6)
- Increase label smoothing
- Add more training data
- Reduce epochs
Both losses decreasing too slowly
- Increase learning rate
- Increase batch size
- Check for data issues